A "falling star" or a "shooting star" has nothing at all to do with a star! These
amazing streaks of light you can sometimes see in the night sky are caused by
tiny bits of dust and rock called meteoroids
falling into the Earth's atmosphere
and burning up. The short-lived trail of light the burning meteoroid
produces is called a meteor. Meteors are commonly called falling stars or shooting
stars. If any part of the meteoroid survives burning up and actually hits the
Earth, that remaining bit is then called a meteorite.
At certain times of year, you are likely to see a great number of meteors
in the night sky. These events are called meteor showers and they occur when
the Earth passes through the trail of debris left by a comet as
it orbits the Sun. These showers are given names based on the constellation
present in the sky from which they appear to originate. For example, the
Leonid Meteor Shower, or Leonids, appear to originate in the constellation
Leo. It is important to understand that the meteoroids (and therefore
the meteors) do not really originate from the constellations or any of the
stars in the constellations, however. They just seem to come from that
part of the
sky because of the way the Earth encounters the particles moving in the
path of the comet's orbit. Associating the shower name with the region of
the sky they seem to come from just helps astronomers know where to look!
The dust and rocks that cause meteor showers come primarily from the
Earth passing through the debris stream left behind by a comet as it
orbits the Sun. Usually, the Earth's orbit and the comet's orbit are
slightly tilted relative to one another. So the paths only intersect on
one side!


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